Humanae Vitae Turns 39!
Wednesday, July 25th, 2007
Today marks the 39th anniversary of Humane Vitae, the last encyclical letter promulgated by Pope Paul VI on 25 July, 1968. To say that it fell upon deaf ears is an understatement. The encyclical was literally, "On human life," and the many facets the transmission of human life has in our lives.
Just to set the context, Pope John XXIII (now Blessed) formed a commission to deal with the matter of the Church's stance on artificial contraception in the early 1960's, letting the bishops at the Second Vatican Council know that he himself would personally be dealing with the issue. The council fathers, nevertheless, dealt with the topic briefly in Gaudium et Spes #51, without saying too much. For this reason, many convinced themselves that the Church would approve "the pill" and open up the world of artificial contraception to the Catholic world. I'm told that during this period, especially between the opening of Vatican II in 1962 and the arrival of the encyclical in 1968, many priests told people that "the pill" would be approved soon, so they could just go ahead and start using it without guilt.
It was not to be. Pope Paul VI received both the majority report and the minority report from the papal contraception commission. The majority report said that the Church should change its traditional stance against contraception. This report was leaked to the press, it is thought, in order to pressure an affirmative decision from the Pope Paul. The minority report, penned with the help of a certain Cardinal Karol Wojtyla, stated that the Church should reaffirm the traditional teaching with new language. Pope Paul agreed.
The response to Humanae Vitae was open revolt by priests and laity alike. A group of priests, led by Fr. Charles Curran, published a full-page article in the New York Times (I think?), stating that they rejected the teaching and that Catholics should feel free to reject the teaching as well, and follow their "personal conscience." [Based on the timetable that the article appeared, it is clear that most of the theologians did not have time to read the Pope's encyclical before their rejection of it was published.] This was followed by statements from bishop's conferences throughout the world that essentially affirmed the teaching, but told the faithful that they could feel free to follow their "personal consciences" on the matter–see, for example, the Winnipeg Statement. [In 1990 the Filipino bishops came out with a document apologizing to their people for failing to teach Humanae Vitae.]
Most Catholics, it is fair to say, have never even heard the Church's teaching "On Human Life." Most are informed by our sex-crazed culture that babies are not convenient.
Pope John Paul II's Theology of the Body was written to explain the teaching of Humanae Vitae in a way that the entire picture of the human person, from his creation at the beginning to his destiny to live with God forever, in view.
Here is a great article by Janet Smith that talks about Humanae Vitae. The Wikipedia entry is good. And here is something to wet your appetite for some of John Paul II's Theology of the Body.
In conclusion, let us thank God for preserving this teaching on human sexuality and the freedom it brings in our sexually-broken culture. Let us also thank God for the grace He worked in the Servant of God, Pope Paul VI, to proclaim this truth with courage. May we follow his example.
Written by Jeremy Priest

